India’s rise to become the world’s fourth-largest economy reflects a decade of macroeconomic stability, expanding global linkages, and sustained infrastructure investment. But if this milestone is to carry real meaning, we must shift focus—from economic scale to economic depth, from momentum to outcomes.That shift begins by recognising a sobering truth: India ranks 122nd globally in per capita GDP, behind Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines. We are only marginally ahead of Bangladesh. At $8 trillion, our per capita income will still be just around $5,000—well below middle-income levels. Size alone does not deliver prosperity. To rise as a truly developed economy, India must ensure that growth translates into opportunity and security for every citizen.
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