It’s social development, not differential degrees of success in population control measures, that is behind the uneven population growth between the South and the North. This simple fact seems to have been lost sight of, in the ongoing debate on the proposed delimitation of constituencies based on fresh census data, with the representatives of the southern states asking if they should be penalised for effectively implementing the national policies on population control.It has long been a myth that the way to influence the rate of growth of the population is to implement population control measures, such as discouraging people from having more than two children, making available tools for contraception, such as birth control pills, intra-uterine devices, and condoms, and encouraging surgical procedures to make men and women incapable of reproduction, such as tying the fallopian tubes, in the case of women, and vasectomy, in the case of men.