The strategic utility of asymmetric, deniable proxy warfare, long favoured by both Iran and Pakistan, is coming under intense scrutiny.In recent months, Iran’s vast network of regional proxies, once considered its strategic depth, has buckled under the weight of Israel’s conventional military superiority and unrelenting operational tempo. Similarly, Pakistan’s long war of attrition against India in J&K, fought through terrorist proxies, ideological indoctrination, and deniable cross-border support, has been steadily degraded, not through spectacular retaliation, but through sustained and calibrated national effort, the Indian model.
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