The India–Pakistan military stand-off on May 7, 2025, is unprecedented in that both sides have claimed to have inflicted damages without breaching the land border. It gives the impression of a strategic stalemate marked by mutual signalling and calibrated damage, with open prospects of further fighting.Both governments have publicly proclaimed their readiness to fight but appear conscious of the risks and limitations of escalation. Despite their history of prolonged conflicts, the compulsion to remain below the “nuclear threshold” and intense international pressure act as structural constraints on military adventurism.
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